Freud pointed out in his "iceberg theory" that our minds have two specific divisions: (a) the Conscious Mind, which consists of approximately 10% of the whole (I actually think it is much less than that!), and (b) the larger part known as the Subconscious Mind, which we are not aware of but which comprises 90% of our mind and which controls the other 10%. 

<-- (I particularly like this picture because it shows a middle part of the iceberg, which is a good depiction of the SUBCONSCIOUS MIND, distinguishing it even from the much deeper UNCONSCIOUS.)

Effective therapy will address both divisions of the mind. This is accomplished through several approaches and techniques.  

There are some approaches, however, that focus solely on one section or the other. For example, "Behaviorism" operates strictly in the 10% conscious part. "Psychoanalysis," on the other hand, delves primarily in the 90%.  

One can easily see that it takes an eclectic, multi-faceted approach to adequately impact the vast expansion of the whole mind.

Here is a very thorough article that explains the subconscious mind and the way in which it controls our conscious mind. 

Here is another good article that discusses the potential of the subconscious mind.